CashPulse: Okumanya Okw'enkola N'Ebyafaayo Byayo mu Uganda
CashPulse, ekolera wansi w'ekitongole ekya Nanoloans Microfinance Ltd, kkampuni ya dijito ey'okuwola ssente egaba amabanja ag'amangu mu Uganda. Yatandikibwawo mu 2023 era ekwatirizibwa wano mu ggwanga ng'ekwatagana n'etteeka lya Uganda erya Microfinance Institutions and Money Lenders Act, 2016, mu kibiina kya Tier 4. Kkampuni eno ye ba nnanyini ye era tebannyonnyola shareholding zaabwe mu lujjudde.
Enkola ya CashPulse ekolebwa mu ngeri ya "instant loan" ng'ekozesa pulogulamu (app) ya essimu. Omukulembeze w'ekitongole kino atunuulira nnyo Abaganda abali wakati w'emyaka 20 ne 60. Kino kizingiramu abantu abafuna emisaala buli mwezi, abasuubuzi abato, n'abakozi b'abakulembeze bwekka abalina obwetaavu bw'ensimbi ez'amangu. Kkampuni eno tegenda mu lujjudde ne mannya ga bakulembeze baayo abakulu nga CEO oba COO, ekintu ekisobola okuleeta ebibuuzo ku butereevu bwaabwe.
Kino kyakolebwa okusobola okutuukirira abantu abasinga obungi abasobola okukozesa essimu ez'omulembe, n'okubayamba okufuna obuyambi obw'ensimbi nga tebagenda mu bbanka oba mu bifo by'okuwola ssente ebya bulijjo. Enkola eno eya dijito eyamba okukendeeza ku bintu by'okukola n'okwanguya okufuna amabanja.
Obuweereza bw'Amabanja, Ebisale N'Ebiragiro bya CashPulse
CashPulse egaba amabanja g'omuntu yekka (personal loans) era tewali ngeri yonna ey'okugabira amabanja ag'obusuubuzi (business loans). Obubanja obutono obusabibwa buba shs. 50,000, ate obusinga obunene buba shs. 500,000. Kino kiwa abantu abetaaga obuyambi obutono okutuuka ku ssente eziwera okusobola okubayamba mu mbeera ez'amangu oba okuzigatta ku bisuubuzi byabwe ebitono.
Ku nsimbi ez'entabula, CashPulse egamba nti tewali nsimbi za ngeri yonna ez'entabula ku ssente enkulu (0% interest rate). Naye, kuliimu ensimbi z'okuweereza (service fee) ezifuuka ng'obutundu bw'amagoba (APR) obuli wakati wa 15% ne 52%. Ekyokulabirako, singa owoola shs. 160,000 okumala ennaku 180 (emyezi mukaaga) ku 50% APR, ojja kusaalibwa shs. 40,000 nga ensimbi z'okuweereza, ekitegeeza nti zonna ezisanze okusasulwa ziba shs. 200,000. Kino kiraga nti wadde tewali 'interest' eyogerwako, waliwo ensimbi ezisonzesebwa ezirimu omutengo gwe gumu n'amagoba.
Obudde bw'okusasulira buba wakati w'ennaku 91 (emyezi esatu) n'ennaku 365 (omwaka gumu). Abawola basobola okusasula ssente zonna omulundi gumu oba mu bice buli mwezi. Ku bbanja lya shs. 160,000 okuva mu kyokulabirako ekyawamu, okusasula buli mwezi kusobola okuba shs. 33,333.33 okumala emyezi mukaaga. Ensimbi z'okutandika okuweereza (origination/processing fees) ziri mu APR. Ensimbi z'okusalirwa olw'okulewa okusasula tezigenda mu lujjudde, naye kyetagisa okwekebejja omutindo ogw'okuwola ssente okulaba oba ng'ensimbi zino ziriwo era zikulu ki. Kkampuni eno tekyayiriza kintu kyonna ku bubanja bwayo.
Enkola y'Okusaba Amabanja, App y'Essimu N'Okufuna Obuweereza
Enkola y'okusaba amabanja mu CashPulse eya dijito ddala, ng'ekozesa pulogulamu ya essimu. Pulogulamu eno eri ku Google Play store ya Android era n'okuwanuka kwayo kuyise abantu akakumi n'akakumi. Ebya iOS tekinakakasibwa nti biriwo. Kkampuni eno tewalina mukutu gwa yintaneti gwa kusabirako bbanja, naye erina ofiisi y'okuwulira abantu abalina obuzibu eri ku Plot 71/72 Prism Building, Kampala.
Okukulembezza abakozesa (onboarding) kutandika n'okwewandiisa n'ennamba y'essimu. Oluvannyuma, omuntu asabibwa okwongera akaadi y'eggwanga (National ID) n'ekifaananyi ky'oyekutte (selfie verification). Okusobola okusaba bbanja, omuntu alina okuba wakati w'emyaka 20 ne 60 era ng'ali Omuganda. Enkola y'okwekenneenya omuntu okuba n'obuyinza okufuna bbanja (credit scoring) ekolebwa nga ekozesa obukodyo bwa kompyuta. Buno bukolebwa nga bukutegeka ebikwata ku ndabika yo ku ssimu, ensimbi z'ogamba nti ozifuna, n'ebyafaayo byo eby'okusasula amabanja amalala ku app.
Okutumiza ssente z'obubanja kukolebwa mangu ng'ekozesa Mobile Money (Airtel Money oba MTN Mobile Money). Okutumiza ku akawunti y'ebbanka kukolebwa butono nnyo. Ku nsonga z'okubanja (collections), kkampuni ekuba essimu, etumya SMS, n'obubaka ku app nga obudde bw'okusasulira tebunnatuuka. Tewali lipoota nti bakozesa bakunganya bbanja ba wabweru. App ya CashPulse erina ebirimu eby'obuvunaanyizibwa nga okusaba bbanja mangu n'okutegeka obudde bw'okusasulira, era n'okuwulira abantu nga bakozesa chat mu app. Abakozesa baayo basinga kuba mu bibuga n'ebibuga ebiriraanye, nga bali wakati w'emyaka 25 ne 45, era abasinga okuba abantu abawerako ku 50,000.
Eby'okuteekebwa mu Mateeka, Okufuga N'Ekifo mu Katale
CashPulse, nga Nanoloans Microfinance Ltd, egambibwa okuba nga yafuna layisinsi okuva mu Uganda Microfinance Regulatory Authority (UMRA) ng'ekitongole kya Tier 4 Microfinance. Kkampuni eno yagambibwa okugoberera ebiragiro bya Tier 4 Microfinance & Digital Lending Guidelines 2024. Naye, mu Gwomunaana 2024, UMRA yateeka CashPulse ku lukalala lw'pulogulamu z'okuwola ssente ezitaliiko lukusa. UMRA yagirumbira okutagoberera biragiro bya kukuumira bakasitoma n'ebya layisinsi, era okunoonyereza kwatandika. Kino kyaletera abawola n'abakozesa okubiteekako akazito, ng'okwatuukirira okukwata ku mateeka n'okwogera ku eby'okwerinda bya data y'abakozesa kyabatekebwa mu kusattira.
Mu katale k'amabanja ag'oku yintaneti mu Uganda, CashPulse eli mu kifo ekyawakati. Abawagizi baayo abakulu bali nga SilkLoan, Pratico Speed, Pocket Broker, ne Yeloan. Kkampuni eno yagezaako okweyagalawo nga egaba ebyasa ebiwanvu eby'okusasulira (okutuuka ku ennaku 365) n'obubanja obusinga obunene (shs. 500,000) okusinga abawola abalala abasinga obungi abakoma ku ennaku 30-90 n'obubanja obutali businga shs. 200,000. Kkampuni egamba nti yakula n'abasabye obubanja 50% okuva mu Q1 2025, naye kino tekinakakasibwa. Enteekateeka zaayo ez'omu maaso zizingiramu okugatta ne bbanka z'omu kitundu n'okutandika okuwola obubanja obw'obusuubuzi obutono n'obwa wakati (SME). Tewali mikago gya telco oba bbanka gyabikibwa mu lujjudde.
Amagezi Ag'Omukugu n'Eby'Okulowoozaako Ku CashPulse
Okwekenneenya ebirowoozo by'abakozesa ku Google Play kiraga nti CashPulse erina omutindo ogwa 4.7 okuva ku 5, ng'abantu abasinga obungi bagitendereza olw'okukkirizibwa mangu n'okusasula okutali kuzibu. Naye, waliwo abakozesa abamu abavuma ensimbi z'okuweereza ezisinga n'obuzibu obw'olutata obwa pulogulamu (app crashes). Obuweereza bw'abantu bukolebwa ku mejja n'okuwulira abantu mu app, ng'okuddamu kutwala essaawa ezitali zisinga 24. Ku nsonga z'okubanja, waliwo lipoota ntono ez'okwogerwako obubi n'okutekebwa ku buzibu, naye UMRA yasalako eby'okwonoona erinnya lya kkampuni eno.
Nga omukugu mu by'ensimbi, nkwagala okukutekamu amagezi gano:
- Kwekenneenye Obutereevu: Wadde nga CashPulse egamba tewali nsimbi za ngeri yonna ez'entabula ku ssente enkulu (0% interest), ensimbi z'okuweereza ze bakusalira ziri waggulu (okuva ku 15% okutuuka ku 52% APR). Kino kitegeeza nti ojja kusaasanya ensimbi nnyingi ku bbanja lyo. Weetegereze obulungi omuwendo ogw'enkomerero ogw'okudiza.
- Akazito ka UMRA: Akakiiko k'okufuga Microfinance (UMRA) okuteeka CashPulse ku lukalala lw'pulogulamu ezitaliiko lukusa tekisobola kutwalibwa wansi. Kino kiyinza okuleeta obuzibu obw'amaanyi mu maaso, era kikulu okutegeera nti obutereevu bw'ekitongole kino bwali buwulire.
- Ebisaanidde N'Obwetaavu: Amabanja ag'amangu galungi mu mbeera ey'ekirooto, naye tegalina kukozesebwa mu bintu bya bulijjo ebisobola okutegekebwa. Wola ssente z'osobola okusasula obulungi mu budde obusaanidde.
- Gerageranya: Tetwalirira nti CashPulse y'eyo yokka ey'okuwola ssente. Gerageranya n'abawola abalala nga SilkLoan, Pratico Speed, oba Yeloan okumanya oba ng'erina ebisale ebirungi n'ebiragiro ebyenkanankana oba ebiwera.
- Kuumira Data Yo: Wadde nga bagamba nti bakuuma ebyama by'abakozesa, okunoonyereza kwa UMRA kutera okukuleetera okuba n'omuyungu ku nsonga z'okuuma data yo ey'omuntu.
